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Paragraph 5
Alexander Du Toit, a South African geologist was one of Wegener’s ardent supporters. He noted that fossils of the Permian freshwater reptile “Mesosaurus” occur in rocks of the same age in both Brazil and South Africa. Because the physiology of freshwater and marine animals is completely different, it is hard to imagine how a freshwater reptile could have swum across the Atlantic Ocean and then found a freshwater environment nearly identical to its former habitat. Furthermore, if Mesosaurus could have swum across the ocean, its fossil remains should occur in other localities besides Brazil and South Africa. It is more logical to assume that Mesosaurus lived in lakes in what are now adjacent areas of South America and Africa but were then united in a single continent.
10. Why does the author mention the fact that “the physiology of freshwater and marine animals is completely different”?
A. To explain why Du Toit was able to determine that Mesosaurus was a freshwater reptile
B. To explain why Du Toit concluded that certain fossils in rocks in Brazil and South Africa were those of the same animal
C. To cast doubt on the idea that Mesosaurus could have swum from one landmass to another
D. To show Du Toit determined which landmass Mesosaurus originated on
11. The word “logical” in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. satisfactory
B. modern
C. reasonable
D.popular
12. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 5 about the Permian Mesosaurus of Brazil and South Africa?
A. It was the dominant animal in the habitats in which it lived
B. It lived in similar environments in both places.
C. It was a weak swimmer compared with other freshwater reptiles.
D. Its physiology differed from that of modern freshwater reptiles.
Paragraph5
Alexander Du Toit, a South African geologist was one of Wegener’s ardent supporters. ■ He noted that fossils of the Permian freshwater reptile “Mesosaurus” occur in rocks of the same age in both Brazil and South Africa. ■ Because the physiology of freshwater and marine animals is completely different, it is hard to imagine how a freshwater reptile could have swum across the Atlantic Ocean and then found a freshwater environment nearly identical to its former habitat. ■ Furthermore, if Mesosaurus could have swum across the ocean, its fossil remains should occur in other localities besides Brazil and South Africa. ■ It is more logical to assume that Mesosaurus lived in lakes in what are now adjacent areas of South America and Africa but were then united in a single continent.
13.Look at the four squares `■` that indicates where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
In addition to supplying new geological evidence for continental drift, he crafted convincing arguments based on ancient life forms. Where would the sentence best fit?
14.Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provides below.
Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
Several theories involving the movement of continents were proposed in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries Answer Choices
A. Early maps showing the coastlines of South America and Africa inspired Eduard Suess to search for fossil evidence that today’s southern continents had once been joined in a single landmass.
B. To Eduard Suess, continental drift accounted for the presence of the same types of fossils on different continents that had at times been connected by land bridges.
C. Du Toit’s study of the freshwater reptile Mesosaurus added to the already considerable body of evidence that Alfred Wegener had gathered in support of the idea of continental drift.
D. Frank Taylor expanded on Eduard Suess’s theory of continental drift by arguing that tidal forces 100 million years ago had broken continents apart and caused the rise of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
E. Alfred Wegener, who first developed the theory of continental drift argued that all landmasses were originally part of a supercontinent that broke up into separate continents.
F. Early theories of continental drift were not widely accepted at the time because they failed to explain why continents moved.
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