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【雅思培训】议论文写作十大失分点

来源:网络 2012-06-28 编辑:PMC_ivy 雅思托福0元试学

      一、      不一致

 

      所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致,还包括了数的不一致、时态不一致以及代词不一致等。

      比如:When one have money, he can do what he want to.

      分析:one是第三人称单数,因此本句的have应改为has; want应改为wants, 本句是典型的主谓不一致。

      改为:When one has money, he can do what he wants (to do).

 

      二、      修饰语错位

 

      英语与汉语不同,同一个修饰语置于句子不同的位置,句子的含义可能引起变化。对于这一点考生们往往没有引起足够的重视,因而造成了不必要的误解。

      比如:

      I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus.

      分析:better位置不当,应置于句末。

 

      三、      句子不完整

 

      在口语中,交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等,不完整的句子完全可以被理解。可是书面语就不同了,句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清,这种情况常常在主句写完以后,作者又想加些补充说明时发生。

      比如:There are many ways to know the society. for example by TV, radio, newspaper and so on.

      分析:本句后半部分"for example by TV, radio, newspaper and so on.”不是一个完整的句子,仅为一些不连贯的词语,不能独立成句。

      改为:There are many ways to know society, for example, by TV, radio, and newspaper.

 

      四、      悬垂修饰语

 

      所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清。

      比如:at the age of ten, my grandfather died. 这句中"at the age of ten"只写出十岁时,但没有说明“谁十岁时,按一般推理不可能是my grandfather, 如果我们把这个悬垂修饰语改得明确一点,读者或*在读句子时就不会误解了。

      改为:When I was ten, my grandfather died.

 

      To do well in college, good grades are essential.

      分析:句中不定式短语“to do well in college”的逻辑主语不清楚。

      改为:To do well in college, a student needs good grades.

 

      五、      词性误用

 

      “词性误用常表现为:介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词当动词用等。这一点是目前考生*容易出错的地方。

      比如:None can negative the importance of money.

      分析:negative系形容词,误作动词。

      改为:None can deny the importance of money.

 

      六、      指代不清

 

      指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清,或者先后所用的代词不一致。

      比如:Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.

      读完上面这一句话,读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚,谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词所指代的对象加以明确,意思就一目了然了。这个句子可改为:

      Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.

      比如:We can also know the society by serving it yourself.

      分析:句中人称代词we和反身代词yourself指代不一致。

      改为:We can also know society by serving it ourselves.

 

      七、      不间断句子

 

      这个错误的出现受中文意识的影响很大。很多考生在写句子时,句子之间缺乏有效的连接成分。甚至,有的句子写的比较中式化。

      比如:There are many ways we get to know the outside world.

      分析:这个句子包含了两层完整的意思:“there are many ways”以及“we get to know the outside world”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。

      改为:

      There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或:

      There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world.

 

      八、      措词毛病

 

      学生在写作中没有养成良好的推敲,斟酌句子中所选用词的习惯。大部分考生随心所欲,拿来就用,所以作文中用词不当的错误随处可见。

      比如:The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.

      分析:显然,考生把obstacles“障碍障碍物误作substance“物质了。另外“the increasing us

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