非谓语动词在英语用法中十分普遍，考生在雅思阅读文章和听力材料中都能碰到。但令人遗憾的是，许多考生在雅思写作中却忽略了这种用法。朗阁海外考试研究中心分析认为，实际上用好非谓语动词不仅仅能在语法方面有所加分，还能使文章显得更为地道和精炼。
非谓语动词包括动名词、不定式和分词，可以充当除了谓语之外的任何成分。根据这一特点，考生应练习对其了解以便达到对其的熟练运用。
1） 主语
动名词和不定式均可以充当句子的主语，可以避免人称如“people, we”频繁做主语的情况。
如：Living in school can save them a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday.
Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their children to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.
考生可以模仿以上例子，结合被动语态及形式主语，更准确地对其进行使用。
2） 宾语
非谓语动词充当宾语时的用法与主语基本相同，值得注意的是，不定式常常以“V+(to) do”的形式出现。考生应在备考前总结日常作文中高频使用的动词，如fail to do, prefer to do等。
如：Young adults usually prefer to take outdoor exercises rather than indoor ones.
同样的，对于一些后面加动名词的动词，考生也应加以熟悉，如object to, deny等。
The majority of people object to smoking in public.
在雅思作文中经常会有对于“原因、影响、建议”的讨论，或是人们对某一问题持不同看法。我们也可以将不定式与疑问词连用，构成“wh-+ to do”的结构。
如：People usually hold various opinions on how to curb global warming.
3） 宾语补足语
相比其他成分，宾语补足语是考生尝试的较少的，它起到的是补充说明宾语属性、特征等的作用，我们来详细分析一下这部分：
① 不定式做宾语补足语
这类用法一般是“V + sb/sth+(to) do”, 同样需要考生对常用词的总结和记忆。
如：The increasingly fierce competition causes many parents to stay with their children less and less.
② 分词做宾语补足语
无论是现在分词还是过去分词，做宾语补足语成分都是根据所用动词决定的，分词起到了补充说明宾语的作用。考生只需要注意分词与宾语的逻辑关系，以决定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。
如：TVs keep audience well informed about the latest news home and abroad.
4） 表语
动名词和不定式做表语时，主要在系动词之后。在使用时，要注意动词不定式多表示尚未发生的动作。
如：His aim is to pursue the higher degree in foreign countries.
分词做表语时，多半是充当形容词词性，如inspiring和inspired, 同样需要观察主语与其的逻辑关系，避免使用出错。
如：The environmental problem is pressing.
Some advertisements are misleading and cheating.
People are moved by what they have watched from the film.
5） 定语
我们首先要注意它们在充当定语时，位置常常有所区别：动词不定式和分词做定语常常置于名词之后，而动名词常放在名词之前。
非谓语动词充当定语能够减少定语从句的使用，减少累赘的句子成分，显得更为精炼。
如：Students who go abroad can access to another culture.
→ Students going abroad can access to another culture.
再如：The extra money which is obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life
→ The extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.
动名词充当定语比较简单：
swimming pool, walking stick
6） 状语
动词不定式及分词均可以在句子中充当状语成分，前者一般表示目的、结果、原因和程度；而后者则可以表示时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步等多种意义。但无论那种用法，它们与主语的逻辑关系都是值得考生注意的。
如：Garbage should be classified and collected to reuse the materials.
在这个句子中，“garbage”与“reuse”之间的逻辑关系有误，在使用中要多加注意。
我们再来看一些正确的例子：
Local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.
Governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside.
分词做状语是雅思写作中使用较为高频的语法现象，现在分词表“主动又正在进行着”，而过去分词表“被动且已经完成了”，用好的关键在于观察逻辑主语与动词的关系。
Based on the above analysis, we can draw a conclusion that combined efforts are needed.
Judging from the statistics, we can find energy supply and demand reached a balance in 1994.
我们来比较一下使用非谓语动词前后的句子：
While users are enjoying the great benefits which are brought by the Internet, they have to admit the drawbacks that arise.
→ While enjoying the great benefits brought by the Internet, users have to admit the drawbacks arising.
将现在分词作为状语替代状语从句，定语从句也缩减为两个分词结构，显得比较紧凑。
除此之外，分词还可以与逻辑主语结合用作独立结构或独立成分，如“generally speaking”等。
