新托福独立写作常用论证组合：亲历+因果

Firstly, people can enjoy the songs as they are in a real time. Personally, I often attended a live performance when I lived with my parents, because they give much positive energy and many beautiful moments. Frankly, watching a show at home does not give me that. One can enjoy loud music, the closeness of his favorite stars and shout the songs he likes.

这个段落的个分论点作者通过回顾自己过去经常看现场表演的经历先举出一个实例，然后紧接着通过因果论证解释了为什么看现场表演更好；接着，他也引用了自己的亲身感受对比在家看这些表演的感受，从而突出现场表演更具有吸引力这一观点。

I think that borrowing money from a person who is close to one is normal. Imagine that someone needs help and no doubt that his or her friends will offer it. For example, when my friend asks me to baby-sit her child while she is taking her classes, I agree because I know that she desperately needs my help in order to finish her degree and save some money.

通过对于帮助朋友照看她的*这段经历的描述，作者很好地论证了朋友之间相互帮助的重要性和合理性。紧接着她也是通过了因果论证将背后的原因进行了解释，这样一来读者就能更加深刻体会到她举这个例子的缘由。

其实看了这两个例子后，我们不难发现在使用“亲身经历”来举例论证分论点时，我们所采用的句式首先必须遵循的原则是这段“经历”的中文意思，要忠于原意，因此一般来讲我们使用的是主谓宾的简单句；其次，由于大部分经历都是过去发生的，所以我们结合了时间状语后通常还可能需要借助于时间状语从句等复合句来叙述这段经历。

Scientists say that a child should not watch TV more than 40 minutes successively. For example, my mother always made us have a break after watching TV more than half an hour and let our eyes rest for several minutes before turning on the TV again. By doing so, we not only formed a positive and healthy habit but felt our mother’s true love.

在这段“亲身经历”描述后，作者的因果论证中并没有出现明显的连接词，但是通过阅读其含义，我们不难可以找到这句话与上一句例子的逻辑联系。

其实有时候我们还可以加入上个章节中的假设论证，结合自己的经历，这是出于意思衔接合理性的考虑，以下我们来看一个例子：

For example, if people are negotiating it is very important to have a face-to-face communication. It is very important to see during a negotiation how one''s opponent is moving, is he nervous or relaxed, what he is doing, etc. On the contrary, if I need to notify my bank that I am going to close an account I do not want to spend my time driving there, waiting for my turn and talking with a representative, because it is easier for me just to call or e-mail them and it saves my time and my bank''s too.

这段是论证面对面交流的好处和必要性，首先作者先给出了一个例子设置了一个必须面对面的场景，通过因果论证来说明在谈判中看到对方的面部表情的重要性；而在进行相反对比时，作者又结合了自身的经历，说明了在做一些银行简单交易时就无需去柜面，从而可以节省时间和精力。我们不难发现在进行“亲身经历”的描述中，出于中文意思的考虑，我们必须要借助假设这一手段来把这段经历讲清楚，然后再是因果的论述。

所以，我们在进行“亲身经历”这一手法论证段落主题时，句型和时态等语法的使用主要的依据还是看这段文字的中文意思是什么，我们必须将这段意思不断进行调整，直到其达到通俗易懂而又不罗嗦的时候我们方可再进行翻译；同时，在说完这段经历后，我们经常需要马上使用因果法开展补充说明，而因果法中我们主要使用的是原因论证，从而可以将这个分论点充分地论证清楚，这样其效果自然会很理想。