朗阁首页 > 托福培训 > 托福写作 > 托福写作主题句怎么写?

托福写作主题句怎么写?

来源:网络2018-10-16 雅思托福0元试学

Lily老师从业5年 已帮助 300名学员实现留学梦

  托福写作主题句怎么写?一个段落的主题思想靠推展句来实现,如果只有主题句而没有推展句来进一步交待和充实,就不能构成一个完整的段落。

  1.统一性

  一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心,任何游离于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。

  请看下例:

  Joe and I decided to take the long trip we‘d always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico.

  本段的主题句是段首句,controlling idea(中心思想)是take the long trip across the country。文中出现两个irrelevant sentences,一个是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie,这一段是讲的是Joe and I ,中间出现一个Bella是不合适的。还有,Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner这一句更是与主题句不相关。考生在四级统考的作文卷上常常因为造出irrelevant sentences(不相关语句)而丢分,值得引起注意。

托福写作主题句怎么写?

  再看一个例子:

  My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds, but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Everyday I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteen laps, lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby.

  本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit,但段中有两个irrelevant sentences,一个是I bought two new suitcases last week,另一个是My mother was a premature baby。

  从上面两个例子可以看出,native speakers同样会造出来irrelevant sentences。卷面上如果这种句子多了,造成偏题或离题,那问题就更严重了。

  2.完整性

  正象我们前面说得那样,一个段落的主题思想靠推展句来实现,如果只有主题句而没有推展句来进一步交待和充实,就不能构成一个完整的段落。同样,虽然有推展句,但主题思想没有得到相对圆满的交待,给读者一种意犹未尽的感觉。这样的段落也不能完成其交际功能。

  例如:

  Physical work can be a useful form of therapy for a mind in turmoil. Work concentrates your thoughts on a concrete task. Besides, it is more useful to workyou produce something rather than more anxiety or depression.

  本段的主题句是段首句。本段的两个推展句均不能回答主题句中提出的问题。什么是 "a mind in turmoil"(心境不平静)Physical work又如何能改变这种情况?为什么它能起therapy的作用?读者得不到明确的答案。

  要达到完整就必须尽可能地简明。

  例如:

  It is not always true that a good picture is worth a thousand words. Often writing is much clearer than a picture. It is sometimes difficult to figure out what a picture means, but a careful writer can almost always explain it.

  段首句所表达的主题思想是一种看法,必须有具体事例加以验证。上述两个推展句只是在文字上对主题作些解释,整个段落内容空洞,简而不明。如果用一两个具体的例子的话,就可以把主题解释清楚了。

  比如下段:

  It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes, pictures are pretty useless things. If you can‘t swim and fall in the river and start gulping water, will you be better off to hold up a picture of yourself drowning, or start screaming "Help"?

  3.连贯性(coherence)

  连贯性包括意连和形连两个方面,前者指的是内在的逻辑性,后者指的是使用转换词语。当然这两者常常是不可分割的。只有形连而没有意连,句子之间就没有内在的有机的联系;反之,只有意连而没有形连,有时行文就不够流畅。

  1) 意连

  段落中句子的排列应遵循一定的次序,不能想到什么就写什么。如果在下笔之前没有构思,边写边想,写写停停,那就写不出一气呵成的好文章来。下面介绍几种常见的排列方式。

  A.按时间先后排列(chronological arrangement)

  We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose, it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast; we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o‘clock. Then, when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours - it must have been close to noonthe heat nearly hid us in; the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain, it was four o‘clock and we were exhausted. Here, judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit, not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough, by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff, dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine, when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit, we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day.

  本段从 "rose"(起床)写起,然后是吃早餐("not to miss breakfast", "closing at nine o‘clock"),然后是 "close to noon",一直写到这一天结束("By nine")。

  B. 按位置远近排列(spatial arrangement)

  例如:

  From a distance, it looked like a skinny tube, but as we got closer, we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular, all right, but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore, we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts: a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away, we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass, unlike the tube that it was sitting on, which only had four. Inside, the tube was gloomy, because of the lack of light. Then a steep, narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land.

  本段的写法是由远及近,从远处("from a distance")写起,然后"get closer",再到("ten feet away"),最后是 "inside the pagoda"……当然,按位置远近来写不等于都是由远及近。根据需要,也可以由近及远,由表及里等等。

  以上内容就是朗阁为大家整理的托福写作主题句怎么写相关信息,想了解更多留学考试内容,请戳朗阁首页了解更多资讯。


分享到:

精品课程更多

新托福预备铂金班

课程特色:能对抽象事物进行思考,能用英语接触热点话题,能运用一定数量的从句
适合人群:高中

新托福预备VIP班

课程特色:能对抽象事物进行思考,能用英语接触热点话题,能运用一定数量的从句
适合人群:高中

新托福预备班

课程特色:能对抽象事物进行思考,能用英语接触热点话题,能运用一定数量的从句
适合人群:高中

新托福预备铂金班

课程特色:能对抽象事物进行思考,能用英语接触热点话题,能运用一定数量的从句
适合人群:高中

相关推荐更多

  • 托福培训写作多少钱

    '托福培训写作多少钱。托福写作培训要花多少钱。本文解释了托福写作培训通常需要多少钱。以上分享的是托福写作培训一般需要多少钱的相关内容,希望对大家有所帮助。近年来,托福培训课程越来越多,申请人数较前几年有所增加,但托福培训的价格不同,考生在考虑成本绩效时也提高了学生的成绩率。

  • 托福写作评分标准解析

    近年来,越来越多的考生选择报考托福考试,毕竟托福在全球的认可度都很高。在备考托福的过程中,如果能了解托福的评分标准,那么备考就能事半功倍。接下来,朗阁小编就为大家带来托福写作的评分标准。

  • 如何使用托福写作机经

    众所周知,托福考试每年都会从题库里面筛选题目,备考托福的考生一般会在冲刺阶段使用机经。那么,我们如何使用托福写作机经呢?机经使用通常会有哪些误区呢?接下来,跟随朗阁小编一探究竟。

  • 托福写作哪本书好

    托福是由美国教育测验服务社(ETS)举办的英语能力考试,全名为"检定非英语为母语者的英语能力考试",中文音译为"托福"。TOEFL有三种,分别是: pbt-paper based test 纸考 677. cbt-computer based test 机考 300. ibt-internet based test 网考 120. 新托福满分是120分。TOEFL考试的有效期为两年,是从考试日期开始计算的。下面我们一起来看看,托福写作哪本书好?

免费领取200元优惠券

沪ICP备 17003234 号 图书经营许可证:第A7651号 版权所有:上海朗阁教育科技股份有限公司 Copyright 2005 LONGRE EDUCATION GROUP All Rights Reserved