又是一年高考季，又有一批高中毕业生要为以后大学读什么专业犯愁了。
到底是选择自己感兴趣的专业，还是现在看来有利可图的专业了？
对于这个问题， 自己身边的同学，朋友，家长，长辈，各种大V都以过来人的身份发表了很多看法。
但其实，专业选择问题这不仅是关乎每一个学生自己的的未来，也关乎一个家庭十多年的经济投入是否能收回成本，还关于了一个国家的产业发展前景。
托福也出了相关的题目:
2021.4.21
Some parents tell students to choose the major that most interests the students. Other parents tell students that it is best to choose a major that will lead to a job with a high salary, even if that major may not be the one that most interests the students. Which approach do you believe is better, and why?
2017.9.9
Our have the opportunity to choose either one of two types of majors (fields of study), which one of the following two majors do you think is a better choice, and why?
1.A major that would allow him to finish years of study and get a degree sooner (so that he would begin to work full-time quickly).
2.A major that requires many years of study that would provide him with more employment opportunities and offers in the future.
所以老师专门从<经济学人>中挑选出一篇相关文章<Money and meaning>推荐给大家。
语料学习方法：
第一步: 看中文，理解思路
第二步：中翻译英
第三步：对比原文，积累地道表达
相比招生标准较低的大学， 名牌大学的毕业生一般收入更高，因此人们可能会以为名校开设的课程更实用。然而，英国教育部的数据显示情况正相反。名校的本科生更有可能学习哲学和古典文学等纯学术性专业，而在招生标准更宽松的大学，学生则倾向选择商科或护理等职业性专业。Since elite universities tend to produce higher-earning graduates than less selective institutionsdo, people might expect them to teach more practical courses. Yet data from Britain's department for education show the opposite. Undergraduate students at prestigious universitiesare more likely to study purely academic fields such as philosophy and classics, whereas those at less choosy ones tend to pick vocational topics such as business or nursing.
好词积累:
1. 名牌大学: elite universities=prestigious universities
2. 招生标准更宽松/更低的学校：less selective institutions= less choosy institutions
3. 实用学科：practical courses
4. 职业性: vocational. adj.
5. 学习纯学术性专业: study purely academic fields.
这看似矛盾的现象该如何解释？原因之一是雇主认为顶尖大学的学位是一个衡量智力的指标。这意味着在名牌大学攻读学术性专业的学生仍能“钱”途光明。剑桥大学创意艺术类专业(该校毕业生收入前景最低的专业)的毕业生在26岁时的收入中位数约为25,000英镑(32,400美元)，跟赫尔大 学(Hull)等不太知名大学的经济学专业毕业生的收入相仿。What could explain this seeming contradiction? One reason is that employers treat a degree from a top university as a proxy for intelligence. This means that students at elite institutions can study bookish subjects and still squeak by financially. The median Cambridge graduate in a creative-arts subject—the university's least lucrative group of courses—earns around £25,000 ($32,400) at age 26. Economics students from less exalted universities, such as Hull, make a similar amount.
6. 代表/委托书: a proxy (for sth.)7. 雇主认为顶尖大学的学位是一个衡量智力的指标：Employers treat a degree from a top university as a proxy for intelligence.
8. 纯学术专业= bookish subjects.
10. 不太知名的大学：less exalted universities11. 收入相仿:make a similar amount.
然而，尽管牛津和剑桥的学生可以自称研读《尤利西斯》多年而仍可预期高薪，但攻读人文学科的他们最终要付出相当大的机会成本。这是因为雇主把最高起薪留给了既出身名校、所学专业又符合市场 需求的毕业生。Yet even though Oxbridge students can pretend to read “Ulysses" for years and still expect a decent salary, they end up paying a large opportunity cost by pursuing the arts. That is because employers reserve the highest starting wages for students who both attended a leading university and also studied a marketable subject.
12. 自称做某事: pretend to do sth.14. 最终做某事:end up doing sth. 15. 付出相当大的机会成本: pay a large opportunity cost 16. 攻读人文学科: pursue the arts.
17. 保留某物给某人:reserve sth. for sb. 19. 出身名校: attend a leading university 20. 学习符合市场需求的专业: study a marketable subject
总结：
1. 本文用了哪4个不同的词汇来表达“名校”“一般大学”?
2. "赚钱的专业，纯学术专业“ 怎么表达？具体指哪些专业?
3. 为什么选”纯学术专业“仍然可以期望高薪？
4. 为了学习”纯学术专业“，大学生会有什么损失?
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