AP微观学复习之基础公式

2022-04-28 15:12:11 来源:网络 作者:朗阁小编
在微观经济学总复习阶段考生除了需要掌握基本原理,还需要掌握计算题要用到的公式,以下为AP微观经济学考纲中涉及到的基本公式,考生需要熟记并会在题目中灵活运用。

在微观经济学总复习阶段考生除了需要掌握基本原理,还需要掌握计算题要用到的公式,以下为AP微观经济学考纲中涉及到的基本公式,考生需要熟记并会在题目中灵活运用。

1.Cost-benefit analysis: MB = MC

Optimal quantity is achieved when marginal benefit equals to marginal cost.

2.utility maximizing rule: MUx/Px = MUy/Py

Consumers allocate their limited income to purchase the combination of goods that maximizes their utility by equating/comparing the marginal utility of the last dollar spent on each good.

3.Price elasticity of demand = percentage change in Qd/percentage change in price

4.Price elasticity of supply = percentage change in Qs/percentage change in price

5.Income elasticity of demand = percentage change in Qd/percentage change in income

6.Cross-price elasticity of demand =percentage change in Qa/percentage change in Pb

7.Marginal Product(n) = Total Product (n)-Total Product(n-1)

8.Average Product (n) = TP (n)/n

9.MC(n) = TC (n) - TC (n-1) = VC (n) - VC (n-1)

10.TC = VC + FC

11.ATC = AVC + AFC

12.TC = ATC * Q

13.VC = AVC * Q

14.FC = AFC * Q

15.profit maximizing rule/loss minimising rule: MR = MC

16.Perfectly competitive firm: demand = MR = AR = P

17.Allocative efficiency: P = MC

18.Shut down rule: P = minimum AVC

19.Economic Profit = Total revenue - total cost = P * Q - AVC * Q

= total revenue - explicit cost - implicit cost

= accounting profit - opportunity cost

20.When total revenue equals to total cost, zero economic profit = normal profit

21.Factor market equilibrium: Marginal Resource Cost (MRC) = Marginal Revenue Product (MRP)

22.MRP = Marginal Product(MP) * Price

23.Profit maximizing rule for combining resources:

MPx/Px = MPy/Py

24.Externality: social optimal quantity: Marginal Social Benefit = Marginal Socail Cost

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