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备考托福是报班好还是自学好?

来源:网络 2019-09-25 编辑:yawen 雅思托福0元试学

托福作为一个检测学生的语言水平时候过关,是否有能力在北美乃至*高校进行正常沟通交流、听得懂课的语言考试,具有仿真性、系统化和科学性的特点。那么如何备考托福就是一个至关重要的话题。有同学问是自学好还是报班好,这个选择也是因人而异的。

  托福作为一个检测学生的语言水平时候过关,是否有能力在北美乃至*高校进行正常沟通交流、听得懂课的语言考试,具有仿真性、系统化和科学性的特点。那么如何备考托福就是一个至关重要的话题。有同学问是自学好还是报班好,这个选择也是因人而异的。

  自学的好处就是省钱,复习时间上更加自由和灵活,不用风尘仆仆顶着严寒和酷暑跑校区上课,能够根据自己的实际情况制定复习计划。如果自制力足够强,基础足够好,这样的同学就可以自学。那么什么叫基础好,怎么定义基础好呢?我认为首先,词汇量达到8000+,允许有少量漏洞,可以在备考阶段自行查漏补缺的。其次,阅读读完文章知道这篇文章是在说什么的;听力听完能够复述大意,不会出现断断续续只能听懂一部分这样的情况;口语方面自己本身就是张嘴敢于说的,跟native-speaker交流没什么障碍,自己也是可以总结预料,综合口语可以总结规律的;写作有一些功底,对何为论点何为论据是有意识的。再次,自己能够严格按照计划来复习,比如每天规定好量刷多少阅读和听力,一天练几道口语题,隔天写一篇独立,一周写三篇综合,并且能够认真分析错题总结规律的人,当然可以自学。然而,对于大多数同学,能达到这样的基础,或者能够这样自律的是不多的。所以,如果做不到,同学们就应该考虑报班了。

  报班确实要有金钱上的代价,尤其是一对一课程就更价值不菲。班课的话还要统一大家的上课时间的安排,时间上相对不够自由。但是细数一下报班学习的优势,还是很值得的。花钱上课本身就是买老师老师们的科研成果,老师们把*效有用的学习方法直接系统地和盘托出,指明道路,不需要同学们自己再花时间总结复习方法,非常节省时间。并且很多同学的做题方法可能是错的,写作思路是不对的,逻辑是有漏洞的。比如写作真题其中一道:Do you agree or disagree that spending money on traveling and vacation is better than saving money for the future. 很多同学的中心论点是同意,认为把钱花在旅行上要比存起来更好,其中一个分论点说Travel can make me relax.旅行可以让我放松。这是大部分同学可能会这样写并且没有认识到逻辑错误的。我们在写的时候尽量避免说XXXX可以让我们relax,因为relax并不能量化,我们无法去界定何种程度就可以称之为relax。如果这作为一个分论点,下面是不太好进行解释论证和举例论证的。如果自学,这样的逻辑漏洞是很难自己能够发现的。但是报班的话,老师就完全可以指出这个问题。老师会告诉你,如果要写,这个分论点应该写做Travel can prepare me well for my work or study in future. Relax作为解释论证就可以出现在段落中,因为旅行让我放松、身心愉快,所以我精力充沛,旅行回来后,可以更加全身心投入工作和学习中。再比如,口语T3要阅读一个announcement然后再听一段录音,复述学生对此的意见,同意或是否定。有一些自学的同学在练习的时候,会面面俱到地复述阅读的内容,学校新出台了什么政策,为什么会做这样的决定,再去复述学生的看法和理由。殊不知,如果报班的话,老师们是会纠正这样的问题的,阅读当中的学校出台政策的理由是不需要去复述的。相反,我们要把时间多分配在听力的内容。

  这是口语和写作部分中报班学习会带来什么样的效果。报班*重要的好处还是学到方法,这样的方法,是系统的,收益广泛的,可以同时应用于阅读、听力,甚至是GRE阅读领域的。接下来,我以听力为例,去分析报班学习到底在听力方面能学到什么方法。许多同学在听听力的时候就是本着随缘的感觉,听到正好,听不到就拉倒。也不注重任何的逻辑构架,就是单纯一句句听。但是这样是对文意理解和考点把握没有帮助的。

  每一篇讲座,都是需要我们去进行逻辑分层的,并且开头的*层永远都是introduction部分。在这一层中,我们可能会听到对于某个知识的背景介绍,或者是之前课程的回顾和总结,又或是对于某个现象出现的时代大背景的解说。以开头段为例,我们看看报班可以从老师这学到什么。以TPO 51-L4为例,开头段(introduction部分)I want to take a look at one particular book to give you an idea about what was involved in publishing illustrated books in the 1800s. The book's called The Birds of America, and the illustrator was John James Audubon. So … The Birds of America … four volumes which contained illustrations of nearly every bird in the United States: over 400 birds, all hand-colored, all painted life-sized, the larger birds printed on the largest printing paper available at that time …. This required a lot of dedication, and Audubon is best remembered as an incredibly meticulous, accurate artist … a very accomplished illustrator of the natural world. 以开头段来说,自学的同学好一点程度的知道在讲一本书和书作者。但是老师会细致地总结好方法,给到学生。根据官方指南Official Guide (OG)的说法,听力并非要求考生们听懂每一个字,而是能够提取主要信息,把握逻辑关系。在这一段中,我们应该提取的*主要的信息是,今天要讲一本插画书。接着下面出现了两个专有名词:The Birds of America和John James Audubon。当我们在听到专有名词时,一定不要慌张,因为这样的词后面一定会有定义解释,一句话,通俗易懂。考生们需要做的事讲这个发音牢牢印在脑子里,下文再听到的话不要认为那是一个新概念。这两个专有名词听清楚The Birds of America这本书描绘的是美国的鸟,而John James Audubon是书作者。注意当人物在下文还继续出现的时候,只会听到他的last name姓氏,first name名就不会出现了。段落中那部分描写鸟的字眼,不需要太过脑子。这就是introduction部分,这部分关乎全文主旨,所以必须要听懂。

  再以TPO 13-L1为例,开头段introduction部分: In the last 50 years or so, many American cities have had difficulty in maintaining a successful retail environment. Business owners in the city centers, or uh the downtown areas, have experienced some financial losses because of a steady movement of people out of the cities and into the suburbs. In general, downtown areas just don't have that many residential areas; uh not that many people live there. So what have city planners decided to do about it? Well, one way they've come up with some ways to attract more people to shop downtown was by creating pedestrian malls. Now, what is a pedestrian mall? 此开头段包含了大量信息,首先我们听到的是美国零售业不景气,*开头的时间不是我们需要过脑子的重要信息,对应的笔记就是在纸上写retail旁边画哭脸。后面一句说市中心的商家蒙受经济损失,也不需要体现在笔记上,因为这是对上一句中心论点的解释论证,进一步阐述。重点是听到了信号词because,意味着有“因果关系”的考点出现。听出来零售业不景气是因为人们从市中心搬去了郊区。下文又听到敲黑板的信号词so, 引出下文那么针对这样的现象有什么措施呢?那就是修建步行街,为了吸引更多的人回到市中心购物。这是课堂上所强调的典型的没有信号词提示的因果关系,一定要拎出来。这个考点也对应了第二题

  2.According to the professor, what is the basic reason for building pedestrian malls in the city center?

  A. To increase retail activity in the area

  B. To reduce the noise made by automobile traffic

  C. To increase shopping conveniences for city residents

  D. To encourage people to move from the suburbs back into the city center

  直到听到Now, what is a pedestrian mall? 需要格外注意。首先,Now就是一个表示敲黑板的特殊语气的词,其次,这是非常明显的问句。当遇到说话者提问的句子和特殊语气时,通常意味着逻辑分层,即换话题,也就是跟上文内容翻篇,开启了新的discussion:什么是步行街。

  TPO 53-L3的开头段,Now, according to Chinese legend, the first person to drink tea was a Chinese emperor who lived nearly 5,000 years ago. This emperor was… oh, you could call him an amateur scientist, and he wisely required all drinking water to be boiled, for hygiene. So, once, uh, when visiting some distant part of his empire, he noticed that a breeze had blown some leaves into his pot of boiling water. And these leaves turned the water kind of brown. So… well, would it be your first impulse to drink this? Probably not. But he thought the resulting brew smelled pretty good, and in the name of science and discovery, he tasted it, and the practice of drinking tea was born. Uh, well, a good story, but actually, we cannot say with any certainty just who first discovered how to make tea. We can be confident, though, that the Chinese have been using it in some form for close to 5,000 years. 这篇讲茶的历史的开头段,显然是交待了茶的起源的背景知识。然而真正重要的考点是下面有关教授态度的语句。Uh, well, a good story, but actually, we cannot say with any certainty just who first discovered how to make tea. 语气够特殊,足够引起我们的注意。对应题目:

  2. What is the professor's opinion about the origin of tea drinking?

  A. She is pleased that it was a scientist that made the discovery.

  B. She believes that the story of the Chinese emperor is historically accurate.

  C. She doubts that tea drinking actually had its origin in China.

  D. She thinks that the true origin of tea drinking may never be known.

  听到下面一句We can be confident, though, that the Chinese have been using it in some form for close to 5,000 years. 得知即将逻辑分层,背景知识介绍到这,下文将会讨论茶在*的发展和地位。

  总而言之,报班学习学到的是方法,是从特殊到一般,是在老师的带领下从会分析一篇文章到会分析所有的文章。老师们所希望的也是授人以渔而非授人以鱼。


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