很多备考雅思的同学,普遍反映阅读题难做,要么认为做题的时间不够用,要么觉得题型的种类繁多,无从下手。许多同学急于求成,导致正确率下降。那么,今天笔者针对这样的情况,为大家解析雅思阅读四大题型怎么解。
雅思考试的词汇量大概是6000到8000个单词。词汇量就是考验同学们的记忆能力,每个学生应该都有自己的学习方法,不过张老师还是要强调一下,大家最好选择是以剑桥雅思真题上的单词为词汇源,一边做题,一边来记忆单词,这样做,学习效率也会得到很快的提高。
关于语法知识,很多同学在做雅思真题的时候,看到长难句的时候都比较头疼。其实长难句就是有多个简单的句子组成,一定要学会拆句子。找到句子的核心句,然后再通过拆解句子的结构,从而来掌握句子的大意。那么接下来我们大家一起来看一下这道题。
(剑雅5 T1的第二篇文章)Thus, in this explanation the subject merges his unique personality and personal and moral code with that of larger institutional structures, surrendering individual properties like loyalty, self-sacrifice and discipline to the service of malevolent systems of authority.
乍一看句子很长,拆分句子结构后发现整段的主句是:the subject merges his unique personality and personal and moral code with that of larger institutional structures”而伴随状语是“surrendering individual properties like loyalty, self-sacrifice and discipline to the service of malevolent systems of authority.”张老师,这样一讲,大家是不是就觉得其实也很简单。
雅思的阅读题型主要分为选择题、填空题、判断题、list of headings和which paragraph contains the following information。
1、选择题:
雅思的选择题分为单选题和多选题。第一步就是有一个审题的过程,选择题一般要迅速定位,只要在考题的同意之间替换,所以你必须迅速找到这个同义句的替换句子或者替换段落。同样,一些排除法,对做选择题也是有很大的帮助,尤其是在多项选择题中能发挥很大的作用。听了张老师的建议,那么大家来一起做下这道题。
例如:剑4Test1Passage3:
28. The writer was surprised because the blind woman
A. drew a circle on her own initiative.
B. did not understand what a wheel look like.
C. included a symbol representing movement.
D. was the first person to use lines of motion.
定位原文为:
From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that blind people can appreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of objects and other surfaces in space. But pictures are more than literal representations. This fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when a blind woman in one of my investigations decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel as it was spinning. To show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle (Fig. 1). I was taken aback. Lines of motion, such as the one she used, are a very recent invention in the history of illustration. Indeed, as art scholar David Kunzle notes, Wilhelm Busch, a trend-setting nineteenth-century cartoonist, used virtually no motion lines in his popular figures until about 1877.
分析:A选项几乎与原文一样(… a blind woman….decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel), 但是往下读会发现,作者吃惊的原因并不是因为盲人妇女自己画了一个圈,而是因为为了显示这种运动,她又在圈里面画了一个曲线(to show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle)。正确选项C与原文形成同义转换:included—traced, representing—show, movement—motion. 此方法对于基础较为薄弱,对原文意思较难理解的同学比较适合,可以通过排除,提高正确选项的概率。
2、判断题:
我们中国的英语阅读题只有T和F之分,那是雅思阅读题又多了一个NG,NG就是原文中没有给出直接的相关答案,这也让很多考生无从下手。T和F在文章的阅读中都有直接的依据,你很容易就能找到相应的线索。雅思阅读判断题最大的特点就是是什么就是什么,没有拐弯抹角的答案。在这里,张老师就给大家传授一个小技巧,在做这道题的时候,你如果没有把握,并且在文章中也没有找到依据它是错误的,可以直接选NG。那么接下来大家就一起做一做这一道题。
例如:Q: Environmentalists take a pessimistic view of the world for a number of reasons.
原文: For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. (剑 5 Test 1, Q 27 )
在这个例子中,形容词 pessimistic 因为有反义词 optimistic ,故这个词就是本题的考点词。与原文相对照,发现pessimistic 对应的词是 seems to be getting worse ,与原文一致,因此答案选 YES.
3、list of headings
这种题型在雅思阅读中应该属于最难的题型了。一般段落标记题都是按顺序往下做的,你只需要找到第一题在文章中相对应的段落,后面的难题也就问题不大了。list of headings需要从整体上把握每一个段落的意思,所以在阅读文章之前,可以画出段落中的关键词,这就很容易为接下来的问题定位。一般答案都会出现在句首,当然句子中出现however, but等转折性词语,答案一般也在转折句之中。那么,大家可以一起来看一看这道题。
例如:Cambridge 8 Test 1 Passage 2 Air Traffic Control In The USA
List of Headings
i. Disobeying FAA regulations 违反FAA的规定
ii. Aviation disaster prompts action 空难促使行动
iii. Two coincidental developments 二种巧合的发展
iv. Setting altitude zones 设定空中(海拔)区域
v. An oversimplified view 一种过于简单的观点
vi. Controlling pilots’ licences 控制宇航员的执照
vii. Defining airspace categories 界定空中区域的类别
viii. Setting rules to weather conditions 根据天气状况设立规则
ix. Taking off safely 安全起飞
x. First steps towards ATC 航空交通管制的第一步
14. Paragraph A
Example
Paragraph B x
15. Paragraph C
16. Paragraph D
17. Paragraph E
18. Paragraph F
19. Paragraph G
本题中的Headings选项很短,选项中的每个词基本都是重要的定位词。建议大家把每个选项的意思读透(参考翻译见上文),这样的话做后面题型的时候不至于把前面所划的定位词全给忘了。而上文中Paragraph B已经选了x这个选项,所以直接可以把该选项剔除掉。
4、which paragraph contains the following information
这类型题没有按照文章的顺序排列,会给很多学生带来一些麻烦。这类题型一般很容易考查段落中的细节,也可能会考查段落的大意。题目的答案与原文中部分的信息是匹配的,建议各位同学在遇到难做的题可以放在最后面做,充分了解整篇文章的大意以及思路以后,能够迅速定位这道题的答题范围。那么接下来咱们一起来看一下这道题。
比如:Q30: how AI could help deal with difficulties related to the amount of information available electronically F段的主题句中已经出现了AI的运用:Another factor that may boost the prospects for AI in the near future is that investors are now looking for firms using clever technology, rather than just a clever business model, to differentiate themselves.
虽然主题句毫无疑问讲出了该段的主旨大意,但对于在符合Q30的信息方面,还不能算到位。此时若能够联系上下文,借助紧随其后的句子,问题便可迎刃而解。In particular, the problem of information overload, … 后面即列举了一些information available electronically, 可知答案即本段 F。
以上就是笔者为大家总结的阅读题型了,不知道有没有帮助到你呢?如果你还在为雅思阅读题做不出而烦恼,那么不如就按照笔者介绍的方法试试吧。最后,笔者预祝各位备考顺利。